
Competency Area 5: Workforce Preparation
This competency area focuses on the knowledge, skills, and abilities that youth service professionals need to prepare youth, including youth with disabilities, to enter the workforce from job readiness skills development to job search and interviewing to job placement and retention. Click on individual competencies listed below for learning objectives, professional development activities, and resources for that specific competency or scroll down to read them all. Note: The letter “D” indicates a competency specific to youth with disabilities.
5.1 Ability to facilitate job readiness skill-building and assess employability strengths/barriers
5.1 Ability to facilitate job readiness skill-building and assess employability strengths/barriers
Learning Objectives
- 5.1.1 Identify, use, evaluate, and promote youth job readiness skill-building and assess employability strengths/barriers appropriate for various work settings
Selected Activities
- List and describe current successful community job readiness skill-building activities and programs
- Develop a job readiness skill assessment survey using local labor market information, case study information, and the demographics of the youth your organization works with.
- Based on the survey results from item #2 above, list and describe several program ideas to meet the needs of this population
Demonstration of Learning – Show What You Know!
- Identify or develop a survey that will assess individual employability strengths/barriers
- Develop program strategies that will promote the development of job-readiness skills
Resources Developed by NCWD/Youth and Partners
- NCWD/Youth. Guideposts for Employer Success.
- NCWD/Youth. (2007). The High School/High Tech Program Guide: A Comprehensive Transition Program Promoting Careers in Science, Technology, Engineering and Math for Youth with Disabilities. Written by S. Rhodes.
- NCWD/Youth. (2008). Preparing All Youth for Academic and Career Readiness: Implications for High School Policy and Practice. Written by J. Wills.
- NCWD/Youth InfoBrief, Issue 28. (2011). Helping Youth Develop Soft Skills for Job Success: Tips for Parents and Families.
- NCWD/Youth InfoBrief, Issue 7. (2003). Math, Science, and Technology: Essential Skills for Career Success in the 21st Century.
- NCWD/Youth InfoBrief, Issue 20. (2008). Vocational Assessment and Its Role in Career Planning.
- NCWD/Youth Jump Start. Work-Based Learning.
- National Youth Employment Coalition. PEPNet Online Index to Quality Practices, 3.4 Working. [Create a free login account to access this section of the PEPNet Online Tools for Program Improvement.]
- Office of Disability Employment Policy (ODEP). Soft Skills: The Competitive Edge.
Other Resources
- Annie E. Casey Foundation. Knowledge Center – Workforce Development.
- CareerOneStop.org.[Explore various careers, skill requirements, and training options using links on this homepage including Education & Training and Explore Careers. Use the “More Resources” section to access a further wide-range of job & career tools.]
- Center for Literacy Studies. (1996). Getting There: A Curriculum for People Moving Into Employment. Written by M. Colette, B. Woliver, M.B. Bingman & J. Merrifield. University of Tennessee, Knoxville.
- Conference Board. (2006). Are they really ready to work? Employers’ perspectives on the basic knowledge and applied skills of new entrants to the 21st century U.S. workforce. Written by J. Casner-Lotto & L. Barrington. [This report provides the employer perspective on job readiness.]
- Equipped for the Future. Teaching and Learning Toolkit. [This website provides resources for basic skills training and education in adult education settings.]
- INFINITEC.org. Job Leads. [This is a web portal to various job search and career preparation websites.]
- Kerka, S. (1990). Job-Related Basic Skills. [ERIC Digest No. 94.]
- LearningWork Connection. (2006). Work Readiness Skills. Center for Learning Excellence, The Ohio State University. Written by J. O. Wagner.
- Literacy Works. [Website provides various resources on adult literacy including: Adult Literacy and Education Internet Resources and Multiple Intelligences for Adult Literacy and Education.]
- Monster.com. Assessing Your Skills.
- National Institute for Literacy. Workforce Education: Resources for Workforce Instructors.
- MyNextMove.org. [This website of the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment & Training Administration (ETA) provides easy-to-use O*NET-based career exploration tools especially for young adults.]
- O*NET. O*NET Online & O*Net Academy.
- Partnership for 21st Century Skills. Life and Career Skills.
- School & Main Institute for the Texas Workforce Commission Youth Program Initiative. (2003). Training Packets and Tools for Action on Windows on the Workplace: Mentoring, Youth, and WIA.
- Southern LINCS. Workforce Education Lab: Learning Activities Bank.
- Transcen, Inc. Employability Skills Checklist. [Available from the Transition to College website under Job Development Tools.]
- U.S. Chamber of Commerce. National Work Readiness Council.
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, Administration for Children & Families. Welfare Peer Technical Assistance Network’s Innovative Programs – Job Preparation and Employment.
- U. S. Department of Labor, Employment & Training Administration. Improving Services & Performance: Toolkit for Effective Front-line Services to Youth. [Refer to strategies and tools in Ch. 2 Assessment And Development of an Individual Service Strategy; Ch.3 Meeting the Needs of the Labor Market; and Ch. 4 Implementing the Case Plan/Individual Service Strategy (ISS) and Monitoring Outcomes.]
5.2 Ability to teach job search skills, including use of technology and the Internet
5.2 Ability to teach job search skills, including use of technology and the Internet
Learning Objectives
- 5.2.1 Facilitate search skills, including use of technology and the Internet
Selected Activities
- Visit various job search website (such as those listed on CareerOneStop.org’s webpage of private sector job sites) and get familiar with how individuals can use these online job search tools to search for jobs
- List and describe several career search resources that you can use with your organizational population
- Assist in the drafting of resumes and perform mock interviews
Demonstration of Learning – Show What You Know!
- Demonstrate ability to conduct small group work-readiness training, using available curriculum, modified as needed to fit the audience (satisfactory training is based on student evaluations)
- Develop and maintain an updated resource list related to search strategies and resources for career skills, readiness and skill-building.
- Demonstrate the ability to search for jobs using Internet resources
Resources Developed by NCWD/Youth and Partners
- NCWD/Youth. (2007). The High School/High Tech Program Guide: A Comprehensive Transition Program Promoting Careers in Science, Technology, Engineering and Math for Youth with Disabilities. Written by S. Rhodes.
- NCWD/Youth. (2008). Preparing All Youth for Academic and Career Readiness: Implications for High School Policy and Practice. Written by J. Wills.
- NCWD/Youth Jump Start. School-Based Preparatory Experiences.
- NCWD/Youth Jump Start. Work-Based Learning Jump Start.
- National Youth Employment Coalition. PEPNet Online Index to Quality Practices, 3.4 Working. [Create a free login account to access this section of the PEPNet Online Tools for Program Improvement.]
Other Resources
- CareerOneStop.org. [Explore various careers, skill requirements, and training options using links on this homepage including Education & Training, Explore Careers, Job Search, Resumes & Interviews, Salary & Benefits, and Service Locator: People & Places to Help.
- Career Services. Techniques for Successful Job Searching. University of North Dakota.
- Institute for Community Inclusion (ICI). (2003). Four Strategies to Find a Good Job: Advice from Job Seekers with Disabilities. Written by J.C. Timmons, D. Hamner & J. Bose.
- ICI. (1999). Networking: A Consumer Guide to an Effective Job Search. Written by C. Gandolfo.
- ICI. (2008). Teaching Networking Skills: Paving a Way to Jobs and Careers. Written by A. Fleming, C. Condon & C. Gandolfo. [This is a curriculum for teaching networking skills to transition age youth and others with limited work experience.]
- ICI. (2005). The 30-Day Placement Plan: A Road Map to Employment. Written by C. Condon, A. Gelb & J. Gould.
- Maze Master. (2005). Job Search Techniques.
- Monster.com. Career Advice, Interviewing, & Resumes Homepage. The following resources may be especially useful: Career Assessment, Career Snapshots, Resume Writing Tips, Interview Preparation; and Resume Samples.
- Monster.com. (2005). Tips to Show Your IT Skills on Your Technology Resume. Written by A. Hoffman.
- Monster.com. Show Marketable Skills in Your Resume Skills Section. Written by K. Issacs.
- MyNextMove.org. [This website of the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment & Training Administration (ETA) provides easy-to-use O*NET-based career exploration tools especially for young adults.]
- O*NET. O*NET Online & O*Net Academy.
- SnagAJob.com. Find Local Jobs. [Search for hourly local jobs.]
- USAJOBS.
- U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Occupational Outlook Handbook (OOH). [Descriptions for hundreds occupations of education and training needed, what workers do on the job, expected job prospects, working conditions and more.]
- U. S. Department of Labor, Employment & Training Administration. Improving Services & Performance: Toolkit for Effective Front-line Services to Youth. [Refer to strategies and tools in Ch. 2 Assessment And Development of an Individual Service Strategy; Ch.3 Meeting the Needs of the Labor Market; and Ch. 4 Implementing the Case Plan/Individual Service Strategy (ISS) and Monitoring Outcomes.]
5.3 Ability to coach youth, assist in job maintenance, and provide follow-up support
5.3 Ability to coach youth, assist in job maintenance, and provide follow-up support
Learning Objectives
- 5.3.1 Develop, implement, and monitor strategies to help youth in job maintenance
Selected Activities
- Talk to employers who you have worked with in the past, and learn how your organization can support them in implementing strategies to assist youth in job maintenance
Demonstration of Learning – Show What You Know!
- Develop a plan of youth job maintenance and follow-up strategies
Resources Developed by NCWD/Youth and Partners
- NCWD/Youth. (2006). Paving the Way to Work: A Guide to Career-Focused Mentoring for Youth with Disabilities. Written by J. Timmons, M. Mack, A. Sims & J. and Wills.
- NCWD/Youth Jump Start. Work-Based Learning Jump Start.
- National Youth Employment Coalition. PEPNet Online Index to Quality Practices, 2.9 Transition Support. [Create a free login account to access this section of the PEPNet Online Tools for Program Improvement with NYEC.]
Other Resources
- The Community Toolbox. “Providing Corrective Feedback”in Chapter 32, Providing Encouragement and Education.
- Institute for Community Inclusion (ICI). (2007). Self-Determination: A Fundamental Ingredient of Employment Support. Written by L. Brugnaro & J.C. Timmons.
- Public Private Ventures. (1999). Getting In, Staying On, Moving Up: A Practitioner’s Approach to Employment Retention. Written by T. Proscio & M. Elliott.
- Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin. (2002). Improving Job Tenure Outcomes for People with Disabilities: The 3M Model. Written by R. T. Roessler.
- School & Main Institute for the Texas Workforce Commission Youth Program Initiative. (2003).Training Packets and Tools for Action on Youth at Work: Making the Most of Work-Based Learning.
- Tenpas, S. (2002). Job Coaching Strategies Manual: Sample Excerpt. [The complete Manual is available only by purchase.]
- U. S. Department of Labor, Employment & Training Administration. Improving Services & Performance: Toolkit for Effective Front-line Services to Youth. [Refer to strategies and tools in Ch. 4 Implementing the Case Plan/Individual Service Strategy (ISS) and Monitoring Outcomes and Ch. 5 Follow–Up.]
- WorkSupport.com. Resources: Job Retention. Rehabilitation Research and Training Center at Virginia Commonwealth University.
- WorkSupport.com. (2008). The Role of Disability Management Practices in the LongTerm Employment Retention of Individuals with Disabilities. Rehabilitation Research and Training Center at Virginia Commonwealth University. Written by R. Habeck, C. Rachel, L. Campbell, & J. Kregel.
5.4 Ability to match youth with appropriate jobs and careers, including job analysis and skills standards
5.4 Ability to match youth with appropriate jobs and careers, including job analysis and skills standards
Learning Objectives
- 5.4.1 List and describe strategies that you can use to match youth with appropriate jobs and careers, including job analysis and skills standards
Selected Activities
- Explore various online tools you can use to help youth match their preferences and skill standards with jobs and careers such as MyNextMove.org and O*Net Online
Demonstration of Learning – Show What You Know!
- Develop an individualized plan that uses information from career interest and skills assessment tools to identify jobs
- Prepare a matrix that can be used as a guide to match youth with appropriate jobs and careers, including job analysis and skills standards
- Create position descriptions using job analysis skills
Resources Developed by NCWD/Youth and Partners
- NCWD/Youth. (2011). Using Career Interest Inventories to Inform Career Planning. Innovative Strategies Practice Brief.
- NCWD/Youth. (2007). The High School/High Tech Program Guide: A Comprehensive Transition Program Promoting Careers in Science, Technology, Engineering and Math for Youth with Disabilities. Written by S. Rhodes.
- NCWD/Youth. (2007). Road to Self-Sufficiency: A Guide to Entrepreneurship for Youth with Disabilities. Written by B. Kaufman & C. Stuart.
- NCWD/Youth InfoBrief, Issue 7. (2003). Math, Science, and Technology: Essential Skills for Career Success in the 21st Century.
- NCWD/Youth InfoBrief, Issue 13. (2005). The Right Connections: Navigating the Workforce Development System.
- NCWD/Youth InfoBrief, Issue 20. (2008). Vocational Assessment and Its Role in Career Planning.
- Office of Disability Employment Policy (ODEP). (2005). Job Analysis: An Important Employment Tool.
- ODEP. Disability Employment Policy Resources by Topic. [Some topics to explore include Accommodations; Customized Employment and Flexible Work Arrangements; and Self-Employment & Entrepreneurship.]
Other Resources
- America’s CareerInfoNet.
- CareerBuilder.com.
- CareerOneStop.org. [Explore various careers, skill requirements, and training options using links on this homepage including Education & Training and Explore Careers.
- ICI. (2007). Increasing Placement Through Professional Networking. Written by A. Fleming & D. Loud.
- ICI. (2002). Starting with Me: A Guide to Person-Centered Planning for Job Seekers. Written by M. Jordan & L.Enein-Dovovan.
- Monster.com. Career Advice, Interviewing, & Resumes Homepage. The following resources may be especially useful: Career Assessment and Career Snapshots.
- MyNextMove.org. [This website of the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment & Training Administration (ETA) provides easy-to-use O*NET-based career exploration tools especially for young adults.]
- O*NET. O*NET Online & O*Net Academy.
- School & Main Institute for the Texas Workforce Commission Youth Program Initiative. (2003).Training Packets and Tools for Action on Youth at Work: Making the Most of Work-Based Learning.
- Training & Technical Assistance For Providers (T-TAP). [This website provides various resources related to strategies for employment of people with disabilities. Topics covered include: customized employment, supported employment, self employment, job negotiation, and assistive technology.]
- U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Occupational Outlook Handbook (OOH). [Descriptions for hundreds occupations of education and training needed, what workers do on the job, expected job prospects, working conditions and more.]
- U. S. Department of Labor, Employment & Training Administration. Improving Services & Performance: Toolkit for Effective Front-line Services to Youth. [Refer to strategies and tools in Ch. 2 Assessment And Development of an Individual Service Strategy; Ch.3 Meeting the Needs of the Labor Market; and Ch. 4 Implementing the Case Plan/Individual Service Strategy (ISS) and Monitoring Outcomes.]
5.5 Ability to involve employers in preparation process
5.5 Ability to involve employers in preparation process
Learning Objectives
- 5.5.1 Facilitate and support collaborative involvement of employers in job preparation process
Selected Activities
- Research employers in your community who support youth related activities. Talk to them about why they are involved and help them connect their interests to your organization
Demonstration of Learning – Show What You Know!
- Demonstrate mock interviews with local employers in preparation process
- Identify employers to serve as curriculum advisors, speakers, work experience sites, or to help in other ways
Resources Developed by NCWD/Youth and Partners
- National Center on Secondary Education & Transition (NCSET). (2004). In Their Own Words: Employer Perspectives on Youth with Disabilities in the Workplace. University of Minnesota, College of Education and Human Development.
- NCWD/Youth. (2011). Engaging Youth in Work Experiences. Innovative Strategies Practice Brief.
- NCWD/Youth. Guideposts for Employer Success.
- NCWD/Youth. Working with Employers – Workplace Success Quick Reference Guide.
- NCWD/Youth InfoBrief, Issue 9. (2004). Disability Inquiries in the Workforce Development System.
- NCWD/Youth InfoBrief, Issue 12. (2005). Strategies for Youth Workforce Programs to Become Employer Friendly Intermediaries.
- NCWD/Youth Research to Practice Brief, Issue 1. (2004). Building Lasting Connections to Employers: Community-Wide Intermediaries.
- National Youth Employment Coalition. PEPNet Online Index to Quality Practices, 2.8 Employer Engagement. [Create a free login account to access this section of the PEPNet Online Tools for Program Improvement with NYEC.]
- Office of Disability Employment Policy (ODEP). Disability Employment Policy Resources by Topic.
Other Resources
- Institute for Community Inclusion (ICI). (2006). Creating Effective Business Partnerships: What Businesses Want Human Service Agencies to Know. Written by R. Kugler & C. Thomas.
- ICI. (1994). Employment Advisory Boards: The Ultimate Community Resource. Written by D. Hoff, M. Van Gelder, M. Gold & J. Marrone.
- Monadnock Center for Successful Transitions (MCST), Keene State College. (2010). How to Build Partnerships for Career Exploration – Using Job Shadows to Explore the World of Work. Written by B. Street, S. Bigaj, & S. Mahon.
- School & Main Institute for the Texas Workforce Commission Youth Program Initiative. (2003). Training Packets and Tools for Action on Youth at Work: Employer Engagement; Youth at Work: Making the Most of Work-Based Learning; and Youth at Work: Windows on the Workplace: Mentoring, Youth, and WIA.
- Training & Technical Assistance For Providers (T-TAP). [This website provides various resources related to strategies for employment of people with disabilities. Topics covered include: customized employment, supported employment, self employment, job negotiation, and assistive technology.]
- WorkSupport.com. (2007). Addressing Employer Personnel Needs and Improving Employment Training, Job Placement and Retention for Individuals with Disabilities through Public-Private Partnerships. Rehabilitation Research and Training Center at Virginia Commonwealth University. Written by D. Unger.
- WorkSupport.com. Resources: Recruiting and Hiring People with Disabilities. Rehabilitation Research and Training Center at Virginia Commonwealth University
5.6D Ability to conduct job analysis, matching, customizing, and carving for youth with disabilities, including accommodations, supports, and modifications
5.6D Ability to conduct job analysis, matching, customizing, and carving for youth with disabilities, including accommodations, supports, and modifications
Learning Objectives
- 5.6.D.1 Use and describe multiple methods to assess, collect, analyze, and interpret job analysis, matching/customizing outcomes for youth with disabilities, including accommodations, supports, and modifications with possible job descriptions
Selected Activities
- Produce a short newsletter or e-letter for youth that includes information on market trends.
Demonstration of Learning – Show What You Know!
- Visit O*NET OnLine, choose an in-demand occupation and create a matrix of four different types of disabilities and the accommodations, supports, and modifications that a person with each disability may need to succeed in that occupation
Resources Developed by NCWD/Youth and Partners
- NCWD/Youth. (2007). Road to Self-Sufficiency: A Guide to Entrepreneurship for Youth with Disabilities. Written by B. Kaufman & C. Stuart.
- NCWD/Youth. Working with Employers – Workplace Success Quick Reference Guide.
- NCWD/Youth Jump Start. Work-Based Learning Jump Start.
- NCWD/Youth InfoBrief, Issue 6. (2003). Personal Assistance Services on the Job.
- Office of Disability Employment Policy (ODEP). (2005). Job Analysis: An Important Employment Tool.
- ODEP. Disability Employment Policy Resources by Topic. [Some topics to explore include Accommodations; Customized Employment and Flexible Work Arrangements; and Self-Employment & Entrepreneurship.]
- ODEP. Diversifying Your Workforce: A Four-Step Reference Guide to Recruiting, Hiring & Retaining Employees with Disabilities.
- ODEP. Entering the World of Work: What Youth with Mental Health Needs Should Know About Accommodations.
Other Resources
- CareerOneStop.org. [Explore various careers, skill requirements, and training options using links on this homepage including Education & Training and Explore Careers.
- ICI. (2003). Show Me the Money: Flexible Funding for Job Success. D. Metzel & J. Bose.
- ICI. (2004). When Existing Jobs Don’t Fit: A Guide to Job Creation. Written by C. Condon, L. Enein-Donovan, M. Gilmore & M. Jordan.
- The Job Accommodation Network (JAN). [Website of JAN, which provides free, expert, and confidential guidance on workplace accommodations and disability employment issues.]
- MyNextMove.org. [This website of the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment & Training Administration (ETA) provides easy-to-use O*NET-based career exploration tools especially for young adults.]
- O*NET. O*NET Online & O*Net Academy.
- The Rural Institute. (2002). Job Analysis: Key to Retention. Written by C. Griffin & D. Hammis. University of Montana.
- The Rural Institute. (2002). Workforce Investment – Job Carving: Finding Goodness of Fit. Written by C. Griffin & D. Hammis. University of Montana.
- U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Occupational Outlook Handbook (OOH). [Descriptions for hundreds occupations of education and training needed, what workers do on the job, expected job prospects, working conditions and more.]
- Training & Technical Assistance For Providers (T-TAP). [This website provides various resources related to strategies for employment of people with disabilities. Topics covered include: customized employment, supported employment, self employment, job negotiation, and assistive technology.]
5.7D Knowledge of support required to place youth in jobs, including what employers need to know about reasonable accommodations, undue burden, assistive technology, funding streams, and tax incentives
5.7.D Knowledge of support required to place youth in jobs, including what employers need to know about reasonable accommodations, undue burden, assistive technology, funding streams, and tax incentives
Learning Objectives
- 5.7.D.1 Maintain an inclusive and cohesive list and descriptions of support required to place youth in jobs, including what employers need to know about reasonable accommodations, undue burden, assistive technology, funding streams, and tax incentives
Selected Activities
- List support options required to place youth in jobs. Including:
- what employers need to know about reasonable accommodations
- undue burden
- assistive technology
- funding streams
- tax incentives
Demonstration of Learning – Show What You Know!
- Create employer information packets concerning the ten most common disabilities among youth placed in jobs by your organization. Packets should include what employers need to know about reasonable accommodations, undue burden, assistive technology, funding streams, and tax incentives. You may want to visit The Job Accommodations Network (JAN) website for information about job-specific accommodation information and the Employer Assistance Resource Network (EARN) website for information employers need to know about recruiting, hiring, and retaining individuals with disabilities.
Resources Developed by NCWD/Youth and Partners
- NCWD/Youth & Institute for Community Inclusion. (2008). Universal Design for the Workforce Development System.
- NCWD/Youth Info Brief, Issue 14. (2005). Breaking Down Technological Barriers.
- Office of Disability Employment Policy (ODEP). Disability Employment Policy Resources by Topic. [Some topics to explore include Accommodations; Customized Employment and Flexible Work Arrangements; and Self-Employment & Entrepreneurship.]
- ODEP. Investing in People: Job Accommodation Situations and Solutions.
- ODEP. The Job Accommodation Process: Steps to Collaborative Solutions.
- The Pacer Center’s Project Swift. (2004). Building Program Capacity to Serve Youth with Disabilities – ADA – Title I, Employment and Reasonable Accommodations in the Workplace.
- The Pacer Center’s Project Swift. (2004). Building Program Capacity to Serve Youth with Disabilities – The Wonders and Relevance of Assistive Technology.
Other Resources
- AskEarn.org, website of the Employer Assistance Resource Network (EARN) [This website is managed by the National Technical Assistance, Policy, and Research Center for Employers on Employment of People with Disabilities at Cornell University.]
- Association for Persons in Supported Employment (APSE).
- Hernandez, B., Keys, C. & Balcazar, F. (2000). Employer attitudes toward workers with disabilities and their ADA employment rights: A literature review – Americans with Disabilities Act. Journal of Rehabilitation, 66, 4-16.
- ICI. (2002). A Common Path: Navigating Your Way to Successful Negotiations in the Workplace. Written by K. Crow & S. Foley.
- The Job Accommodation Network (JAN). [JAN provides free, expert, and confidential guidance on workplace accommodations and disability employment issues.]
- Training & Technical Assistance For Providers (T-TAP). Strategies: Job Negotiation.
- TransCen, Inc. (2004). Workforce Discovery: Diversity and Disability in the Workplace.
- WorkSupport.com. Resources: Accommodations and Resources: Alternative Work Arrangements. Rehabilitation Research and Training Center at Virginia Commonwealth University.
- WorkSupport.com (2005). Business Tax Credits & Incentives for Employment of People with Disabilities Fact Sheet. Volume 1, Number 4. Rehabilitation Research and Training Center at Virginia Commonwealth University.